Jalandhar Cantonment is one of the oldest contonments in India, the construction of which was started in 1848 after the first Anglo-Sikh War, when the British settled in Northern India. It figured in the 1920 Connaught Rangers mutiny when Irish soldiers replaced the Union Flag with the Irish Republic’s flag. The original scope of this cantonment was limited to troops to quell disturbances from adjoining States for the maintenance of peace and order. The departure of British from India and subsequent partition of the country changed the complexion of the Cantonment. It has gained tremendous importance on account of its nearness to the border with Pakistan. The Cantonment is located between latitude 30 degree 18′ and longitude 75 degree 37′ on the South West and at a distance of 2 km from Cantonment Railway Station and 5 km from City Railway Station. It is situated beside Grand Trunk Road at a distance of 89 km from Amritsar and 371 km from Delhi. It covers an area of 5.87 sq.miles. It is on Amritsar-Delhi Broad Gauge Main Line. A Class-I airfield at Adampur is situated at a distance of 19 km. The airfield is linked with Jalandhar Cantonment by rail and road. Jalandhar Cantonment has traditionally housed Jalandhar Garrison. Its history dates back to 1865 when it was raised as Jalandhar Garrison by Colonel JN Bishop. In 1904 it was redesignated as Jalandhar Brigade under command of Maj Gen JAH Pollock, CB. Brig Gen REH Dyer of the notorious Jalianwala Bagh episode commanded it from 1917 to 1919. The first Indian Commander was Brig Lakwinder Singh, MBE who took over from Brig RCB Bristow, OBE in 1947.
Jalandhar is one of the most peaceful regions of the state. It has many NGOs and organisations renowned for philanthropic activities. One of them is Bhai Ghanayya Ji Unique Home, founded by Bibi Prakash Kaur. The NGO has more than 60 child girls abandoned by their parents in an early age. Unique Home Jalandhar offer these girls a safe and better shelter, brought them up with education until these girls get married. Unique Home Jalandhar was visited by Ms. Nita Ambani from Reliance Group in 2011. Prakash Kaur was honored as Real Hero by IBN news channel, where Nita Ambani promised her to visit the place. The NGO came into news again when Amir Khan, Bollywood actor, honored them for their work during a facilitation program in Satyamev Jayte . Punjab has the worst gender ratio in entire India and most of the girls are either abandoned at an early age or killed as foeticide.
Most of India’s sports goods are exported to the United Kingdom, The United States of America, Germany, France and Australia. Rough estimates suggest that today Jalandhar has more than one hundred major industries and about 20,000 small-scale industries with a most conservative estimate of an annual turnover of approximately Rs 450 crores The industry is mainly concentrated in Jalandhar and Meerut. The Indian sports goods industry manufactures 318 items. The Indian sports goods industry is a highly labour intensive industry which provides employment to the weaker sections of society and also employs a large number of women. The sports goods industry in India has witnessed a phenomenal growth over the past five decades and now occupies a place of prominence in the Indian economy in view of its massive potential for employment, growth and export.
Jalandhar is known as the town of sports. Sports materials manufactured in Jalandhar are exported to various countries. The neighboring village of Sansarpur is known as the Nursery of Hockey Players. The Cantonment is proud of producing maximum number of hockey players from Cantonment Board Schools. Sarvshri Balbir Singh, Gurdev Singh, Tarsem Singh, Harbinder Singh, Lt Col Hari Prasad Singh Kaushik and Ajit Pal Singh, all Olympians are products of these Schools. The highest number of sportsman such as The Cricketer, Hockey Players etc. belongs to Jalandhar. Jalandhar is at top position in every field of Sports. Jalandhar is also the largest exporter of sports goods in Asia. An international sports is situated in city.
Jalandhar being the center city of Punjab provides goods like glass and furniture to the neighbouring cities. Jalandhar is lkalso a hub of sports goods manufacture. Jalandhar is known for sports goods industry . Jalandhar ranks second in India in the rate of urbanisation and has the highest density of population at 598 persons per square km, as per the 1991 census. The reason for this is growing industrialisation. Industrial production of sports goods began on a small scale during the late forties. Over the years, the sports goods industry has grown at an impressive rate and of late Indian sports goods are also exported to different countries.
Jalandhar is the less populated and cleanest city of Punjab. It is the largest developed city in State. Jalandhar has numerous hospitals, including Ruby Nelson Memorial Hospital of Seventh-Day-Adventis, Akal Eye Hospital, Mahajan Eye Hospital, Thind Eye Hospital, Patel Hospital, Tagore Hospital, Lajwanti Hospital,Joshi Hospital, Oxford Hospital, Pruthi Hospital, Guru Nanak Mission Hospital, Ruby Hospital, Ghai Hospital,Handa Dental Clinic and Sigma Hospital. Although each hospital has its own identity, Akal Eye Hospital, Mahajan Eye Hospital and Thind Eye Hospital are on the world map for their Lasik treatments.
There are also many learning centres such as Institute of Banking Services (IBS). The city has a large number of Schools with best education facilities. There are many Sports Grounds in Schools. Books brand like MBS etc. are from Jalandhar. The largest University of India, Lovely Professional University with 600 acres campus is situated in the city. Institute of National importance is also situated in the city under the name Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology. A regional campus affiliated from Guru Nanak Dev University is also situated in the city.
Jalandhar and Multan are the oldest surviving cities of the Punjab region, with historical references as far back as A.D. 100. The Jalandhar Doab (the region surrounding the city between the Beas and Sutlej rivers) also marked the easternmost territory of the empire of Alexander the Great. He erected giant altars in this area to mark the eastern most extent of his empire and also founded a city named Alexandria in the vicinity and left many Macedonian veterans there.Now it is known as jalandhar.
There are two Government Hospitals. The Cantonment General Hospital was erected by all ranks of XXIX Punjabis in memory of those of this Regiment killed during the First World War. The Military Hospital is one of the biggest in the State. The city has many charitable hospital catering to the needs of economically weaker sections of the society. One of the biggest charitable hospital in the city is Shri devi talab charitable hospital, which is renowned for their community service and initiative
The city has a humid subtropical climate with cool winters and hot summers. Summers last from April to June and winters from November to February. Temperatures in the summer vary from average highs of around 48 °C (118 °F) to average lows of around 25 °C (77 °F). Winter temperatures vary from highs of 19 °C (66 °F) to lows of -5 °C (23 °F). The climate is dry on the whole, except during the brief southwest monsoon season during July and August. The average annual rainfall is about 70 cm.
Jalandhar is known as the town of sports. Sports materials manufactured in Jalandhar are exported to various countries. The neighboring village of Sansarpur is known as the Nursery of Hockey Players. The Cantonment is proud of producing maximum number of hockey players from Cantonment Board Schools. Sarvshri Balbir Singh, Gurdev Singh, Tarsem Singh, Harbinder Singh, Lt Col Hari Prasad Singh Kaushik and Ajit Pal Singh, all Olympians are products of these Schools.
The Cantonment in itself is self-sufficient in marketing facilities and caters to the needs of the population residing here. It has a cantonment Bazar known as Sadar Bazar and two well stocked Canteens/Shopping Centres which meet the day to day requirements of the population. The management of the Sadar Bazar is through Cantonment Board and other institutes are run by the Army for its serving personnel and ex-servicemen.
Jalander is the oldest city in Punjab. In recent years it has seen rapid urbanisation and developed into a highly industrialised centre of commercial activity. Situated on the Grand Trunk Road, it is a major rail and road junction, and is 144 km northwest of the state capital, Chandigarh. The city was known as Prasthala in the time of the Mahabharta and as Jullundur in British India.
It is a Government Sports College in Jalandhar. Many of the National Sports Councils organised here. Sports Colleges are introduced for playing sports. In this College, many sports are played like Cricket, Hockey, Swimming, Volleyball, Basketball etc. There is a very big Swimming pool of 50 metres long and the pool is about 4 ft. to 30 ft. deep.
There is one of the oldest buildings of Jalandhar which was being used for school purposes. His Royal Highness Prince of Wales KBMC inaugurated it on 25 February 1922. The building was occupied by the SIKH and DOGRA troops during 1947. The building presently houses the headquarters of a Corps and presents a majestic look from Grand Trunk Road.
There are Four Kendriya Vidyalayas and one Army School under the management of the Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan and Army. In addition to above, there is one Girls College, One Girls Senior Secondary School and four other Schools and Colleges for boys and girls. There are number of private primary schools within the Cantonment.
Guru Gobind Singh Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Jalandhar. It is usually used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of JCT Mills Football Club. People can be seen jogging, playing soccer, weight-lifting, etc. in the stadium most of the time. Punjab Government started new projects at Stadium.
There used to be a Hall of Prayers where people from all religions used to assemble and offer prayers. The building is non existent now having outlived its life. However, a small concrete column with Ashoka Emblem on top, still signifies the existence of the Hall on the Southern end of the cantonment.
Jalandhar City Railway Station is on the Delhi-Amritsar Railway line. It is connected with direct trains to Delhi, 375 km (233 mi), Bhopal, Calcutta, Mumbai, Puri, Nagpur, Jammu Tawi and Deluxe Express to Mumbai, Shatabadi Express to Delhi, Utkal Express to Puri and Howrah Mail to Calcutta.
The city serves as the region’s headquarters for newspapers, national television and radio stations. These include Daily Ajit, Jagbani, Punjab Kesari, Dainik Jagran, Hindustan Times, The Tribune, Dainik Bhaskar, Hind Samachar, etc.
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